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A form of low risk and capital-free entry into international markets that includes local manufacturing and local assembly is referred to as


A) indirect exporting.
B) direct ownership.
C) joint ventures.
D) licensing.
E) direct exporting.

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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If you were responsible for marketing communications at a company that manufactures office supplies and had to provide product literature to be distributed in France, you would be wise to use ___________, whereby you have someone to translate your literature from American English into French, and then have someone else in France translate the French into American English.


A) back talk
B) back translation
C) double talk
D) double entendre
E) double indemnity

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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A government tax on goods or services entering a country is referred to as a


A) GATT tax.
B) quota.
C) tariff.
D) foreign excise tax.
E) farm subsidy.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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A New York carwash owner wanted to open a carwash in Quebec, Canada.He hired a U.S.translator to create signage for the new venture and to design some simple advertising.It was not until the business was opened that he learned that he should have used __________.His French signs actually said "car bath" instead of "car wash."


A) unispeak
B) semiotics
C) back translation
D) semantic symbolism
E) linguistic exchange

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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The U.S.motorcycle manufacturer Harley-Davidson uses intermediaries to sell its motorcycles in numerous nations outside the U.S.Harley-Davidson uses


A) direct exporting.
B) indirect exporting.
C) licensing.
D) contract manufacturing.
E) foreign assembly.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Values refer to


A) personally or socially held beliefs that are consistent within a given culture.
B) the beliefs that dictate a person's behavior often derived from a religious code of conduct.
C) personally or socially preferable modes of conduct or states of existence that tend to persist over time.
D) the innate sense of what a person considers being right or wrong in terms of his or her own conduct when dealing with others.
E) personal traits regarding honesty and integrity and ones preferable modes of conduct or states of existence that have been passed down from generation to generation.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Identify and describe the factors a company should consider in order to do a thorough cross-cultural analysis.In your answer be sure to define cross-cultural analysis.

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Cross-cultural analysis involves the stu...

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The European Union consists of 27 member countries.This single market houses more than __________ million consumers with a combined GDP larger than that of the United States.


A) 100
B) 200
C) 300
D) 400
E) 500

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The EU has benefited its member nations because most tariffs that affect pricing practices have been removed, fewer regulatory restrictions on transportation, advertising, and promotion imposed by countries; and


A) there is a credit reserve of funds to protect against world recessions.
B) there is a common language advantage amongst EU consumers.
C) most companies within the union are becoming global partnerships.
D) there is a legally binding enforcement code for misconduct.
E) firms do not need to market their products and services on a nation-by-nation basis.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Designing a product to serve the unmet needs of a foreign nation is which type of product strategy?


A) product extension
B) product customization
C) product adaptation
D) product invention
E) product integration

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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FIGURE 7-5 FIGURE 7-5   -Kit Kat (see Figure 7-5 above)  is pronounced  kitto katsu  in Japanese, which roughly translates to  I hope you win.  Japanese teens eat Kit Kat bars for good luck, particularly when taking crucial school exams.This is the result of A) faulty semiotics. B) semantic symbolism. C) an unexpected mistake in back translation. D) an intentional manipulation of a cultural icon. E) a clever example of intentional transliteration. -Kit Kat (see Figure 7-5 above) is pronounced "kitto katsu" in Japanese, which roughly translates to "I hope you win." Japanese teens eat Kit Kat bars for good luck, particularly when taking crucial school exams.This is the result of


A) faulty semiotics.
B) semantic symbolism.
C) an unexpected mistake in back translation.
D) an intentional manipulation of a cultural icon.
E) a clever example of intentional transliteration.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Offering the right to a trademark, patent, trade secret, or similarly valued items of intellectual property in return for a royalty or fee is referred to as


A) direct exporting.
B) indirect exporting.
C) licensing.
D) contract manufacturing.
E) outside branding.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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FIGURE 7-2 FIGURE 7-2   -Pepsi-Cola, now available in more than 190 countries and territories.Figure 7-2 above- How to make jeans last 10 years  - is targeted at A) supermodels B) pop stars C) weight-conscious consumers D) teenagers E) aspiring actors -Pepsi-Cola, now available in more than 190 countries and territories.Figure 7-2 above-"How to make jeans last 10 years" - is targeted at


A) supermodels
B) pop stars
C) weight-conscious consumers
D) teenagers
E) aspiring actors

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Recently the Japanese government, under pressure from its domestic farm lobby, slapped government taxes on mushrooms, leeks, and the reeds used in tatami mats that were being imported from China.Japan levied


A) GATT taxes.
B) quotas.
C) tariffs.
D) foreign excise taxes.
E) exchange subsidies.

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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President Bill Clinton attempted to protect American firms from foreign competition by placing a government tax on Japanese automobiles imported to the United States.President Clinton's goal was to raise the price on Japanese imports, thereby encouraging American consumers to purchase American-made automobiles.The tax the President threatened to impose is an example of a(n) __________.


A) boycott
B) tariff
C) quota
D) sanction
E) exchange subsidy

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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FIGURE 7-6 FIGURE 7-6   -According to Figure 7-6 above, points  B  would most likely be __________. A) exporting B) joint venture C) direct investment D) franchising E) licensing -According to Figure 7-6 above, points "B" would most likely be __________.


A) exporting
B) joint venture
C) direct investment
D) franchising
E) licensing

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Trade among nations or regions depends on political stability.In recent times, billions of dollars have been lost in the __________ and __________ as a result of internal political strife, terrorism, and war.


A) Austria, Poland
B) France, Spain
C) China, Japan
D) Middle East, Africa
E) Germany, the United Kingdom

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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An assessment of a country or regional political-regulatory climate includes an analysis of its political stability and __________.


A) ISO 9000 rating
B) stock market performance
C) trade regulations
D) cultural diversity
E) division of subsidiaries

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following statements about the World Trade Organization (WTO) is most accurate?


A) The World Trade organization is a temporary institution.
B) The 153 member countries of the WTO account for less than 25 percent of world trade.
C) The WTO sets rules governing trade among its members.
D) The WTO uses panels of trade experts who can issue non-binding recommendations.
E) The WTO was formed by the United Nations.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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When Breathe Right decided to enter the global market there were many contributing factors such as countries having a large over-the-counter (OTC) market, high per-capita spending in the OTC market, and future prospects for growth.However, according to Kevin McKenna, vice president for international at CNS, the real key to success is


A) selecting a country where there will be virtually no product competition.
B) having a local partner that is entrepreneurial with an ability to distribute and sell.
C) capitalizing on America's reputation as a leader in medical innovation.
D) having an internationally known celebrity spokesperson that transcends national boundaries.
E) having a product that can easily be manufactured and distributed because of its simplicity and quality.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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