Question 1

Solomon and Solomon (1978) found that bystanders who _______ were more likely to offer aid to a person.

Accepted Answer

A)  remained anonymous
B)  identified themselves to one another by name and age
C)  physically resembled the person
D)  were the same sex as the personE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

The perception of certain others as outside one's boundary within which one applies moral values and rules of fairness is called

Accepted Answer

A)  moral exclusion.
B)  the door-in-the-face technique.
C)  the outgroup bias.
D)  outgroup homogeneity.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Confederates who were dressed either conservatively or in counterculture garb approached either "straight" or "hip" college students and asked for change to make a phone call.Results of this experiment confirmed a _______ bias in helping.

Accepted Answer

A)  familiarity
B)  similarity
C)  credibility
D)  complementaryE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

Susan asks Robert to drive her from Los Angeles,California,to Albany,New York.When Robert says "no," Susan asks if he can drive her to the local airport instead.Susan is using

Accepted Answer

A)  moral exclusion.
B)  the foot-in-the-door technique.
C)  the low-balling technique.
D)  the door-in-the-face technique.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

A person who is intensely self-focused in profound grief would

Accepted Answer

A)  be less likely to help others.
B)  be more likely to help others.
C)  take pleasure in helping others.
D)  not take pleasure in helping others.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C) A

Question 6

Which statement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  If a person's helping behavior is motivated by possible rewards,the helping behavior is termed altruistic.
B)  Social exchange theory says we react to an emergency by considering what we can get out of it and balance that against risks.
C)  Children,but not adults,are more likely to help others when their mood is negative.
D)  Individuals who feel guilty are less likely to help others in neeD.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Both European Christians who risked their lives to rescue Jews during the Nazi era and civil rights activists of the 1950s reported that

Accepted Answer

A)  they came from families who themselves had been victims of some form of social injustice.
B)  they had warm,close relationships with at least one parent who was a "strong moralist" and committed to humanitarian causes.
C)  their efforts were in part a reaction to having been raised in a troubled family environment in which parents and children were in frequent conflict.
D)  they were firstborn or only children whose parents had taught them courage and independence.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Identify the steps in Darley and Latané's "decision tree" of helping.Based on this model,how could you increase your chances of getting someone to help you in an emergency?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the steps in Darley and Latané's...

Question 9

Around the world,compared to non-religious people,all of the following are true of highly religious people except

Accepted Answer

A)  highly religious people have higher incomes.
B)  highly religious people give more to charities.
C)  highly religious people volunteer more often.
D)  highly religious people are more likely to help strangers.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Darley and Latané's decision tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  noticing the incident
B)  interpreting the incident as an emergency
C)  weighing the costs and benefits of helping
D)  assuming responsibility for interveningE) A) and D)
F) None of the above C

Question 11

When looking at ingroup similarity and helping,researchers noted all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  people tend to help those that are perceived similar in a narrowly defined group.
B)  people tend to help those that are perceived similar in an inclusive larger defined group.
C)  one way to increase people's willingness to help others is to promote social identities that are more inclusive than exclusive.
D)  one way to increase people's willingness to help others is to promote social identities that are more exclusive than inclusive.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Research on the relationship between personality traits and helping behavior revealed that

Accepted Answer

A)  personality traits have little to no influence on helping.
B)  the person and the situation interact to predict helping.
C)  assertiveness strongly predicts helping across a variety of situations.
D)  gender is the only characteristic that predicts helping better than situational factors.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above B

Question 13

Keisha is stopped on the street by a panhandler.She is most likely to give money if

Accepted Answer

A)  the panhandler is male.
B)  the panhandler is female.
C)  she just had her picture taken.
D)  she can remain anonymous.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The bystander effect predicts that

Accepted Answer

A)  helping behavior increases as physical proximity decreases.
B)  people are less likely to help in groups than when they are alone.
C)  people are more likely to help in groups than when they are alone.
D)  people often refuse help to maintain equity in the social relationship.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

According to the text,the _______ of altruism propose(s) two types of prosocial behavior: a tit-for-tat reciprocal exchange and a more unconditional,intrinsic helpfulness.

Accepted Answer

A)  social norms theory
B)  social-exchange theory
C)  evolutionary theory
D)  social norms,social-exchange,and evolutionary theoriesE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack.According to Darley and Latané,what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?

Accepted Answer

A)  You must recognize the event as life-threatening.
B)  You must assume responsibility for helping.
C)  You must notice the stranger.
D)  You must make sure the victim is alone and truly in need of help.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

According to research cited in the text,which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive mood;positive behavior;positive thoughts;positive self-esteem
B)  positive behavior;positive thoughts;positive self-esteem;positive mood
C)  positive behavior;positive mood;positive thoughts;positive self-esteem
D)  positive mood;positive thoughts;positive self-esteem;positive behaviorE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following specifically predicts that we will be more altruistic toward our relatives than toward close friends?

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary psychology
B)  the social norms theory
C)  the social-exchange theory
D)  the self-presentation theoryE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Social-exchange is a _______ theory,while social norms is a _______ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)   sociological;psychological
B)  psychological;sociological
C)  biological;psychological
D)  sociological;biologicalE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Research on gender and helping norms revealed that

Accepted Answer

A)  females offer more help to males
B)  males offer to help males and females equally.
C)  females seek more help.
D)  both males and females help others equally.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 12: Helping

Solomon and Solomon (1978) found that bystanders who _______ were more likely to offer aid to a person.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The perception of certain others as outside one's boundary within which one applies moral values and rules of fairness is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Confederates who were dressed either conservatively or in counterculture garb approached either "straight" or "hip" college students and asked for change to make a phone call.Results of this experiment confirmed a _______ bias in helping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Susan asks Robert to drive her from Los Angeles,California,to Albany,New York.When Robert says "no," Susan asks if he can drive her to the local airport instead.Susan is using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who is intensely self-focused in profound grief would

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which statement is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both European Christians who risked their lives to rescue Jews during the Nazi era and civil rights activists of the 1950s reported that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the steps in Darley and Latané's "decision tree" of helping.Based on this model,how could you increase your chances of getting someone to help you in an emergency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Around the world,compared to non-religious people,all of the following are true of highly religious people except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Darley and Latané's decision tree?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

When looking at ingroup similarity and helping,researchers noted all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on the relationship between personality traits and helping behavior revealed that

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Keisha is stopped on the street by a panhandler.She is most likely to give money if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bystander effect predicts that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text,the _______ of altruism propose(s) two types of prosocial behavior: a tit-for-tat reciprocal exchange and a more unconditional,intrinsic helpfulness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack.According to Darley and Latané,what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research cited in the text,which of the following is the correct order?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following specifically predicts that we will be more altruistic toward our relatives than toward close friends?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social-exchange is a _______ theory,while social norms is a _______ theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on gender and helping norms revealed that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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C

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B

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Social-exchange is a _ theory,while social norms is a _ theory.

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