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Whether a one-sided or two-sided message is more persuasive depends on all of the following EXCEPT


A) whether the audience already agrees with the message.
B) whether the audience is unaware of opposing arguments.
C) whether the audience thinks information is being shared in an appropriate way.
D) whether the audience is unlikely later to consider the opposition.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The _______ route to persuasion occurs when interested people focus on arguments.


A) peripheral
B) central
C) logical
D) image

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Suzy is interested in purchasing a DVD player,and is overwhelmed by the many different models available at her local electronics store.She decides to purchase a shiny,metallic-looking model,as it is the best-looking one in the store.Suzy has been persuaded to purchase this particular DVD player because of the _______ route to persuasion.


A) peripheral
B) central
C) logical
D) image

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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People who are quick to respond to peripheral cues,such as a communicator's attractiveness,are _______ in the need for cognition.


A) low
B) average
C) high
D) slightly above average

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Speaking to a huge anti-union retail store,an anti-union political candidate's expertise seems to


A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) stay the same.
D) lose credibility.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Apparently,fear arousal facilitates persuasion when


A) fear is extremely high.
B) fear is moderately high.
C) the target has low self-esteem.
D) a way to avoid the almost certain danger is available.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Billboards and television commercials tend to use


A) the central route to persuasion.
B) the peripheral route to persuasion.
C) the sleeper effect
D) the direct route to persuasion.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Frank (1982) noted that psychotherapy is similar to cults and zealous self-help groups because they provide all of the following EXCEPT


A) isolation from the outside world.
B) supportive,confiding social relationships.
C) an offer of expertise and hope.
D) a set of rituals and learning experiences that promises a new sense of happiness.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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People most vulnerable to cults are usually


A) under the age of 15.
B) over the age of 30.
C) lower-class.
D) under the age of 25 and facing a personal crisis.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which statement is NOT true about the best way to deal with media information?


A) The more lifelike the medium,the more persuasive the message.
B) Messages are best comprehended and recalled when written.
C) When the message is difficult to comprehend it is best written.
D) Messages are best comprehended and recalled when spoken.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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In your marketing class,your assignment is to create an advertisement that will encourage people to buy condom X over condom Y.Given your knowledge of persuasion,which strategy would be most effective?


A) an ad that reads "AIDS kills," along with a suggestion that condom X prevents it
B) an ad that reads "AIDS kills," along with a suggestion that condom Y does not prevent it
C) an ad that suggests condom X prevents AIDS
D) an ad that suggests condom Y does not prevent AIDS

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Sharon wants to talk to her teenage daughter about the dangers of smoking.Which of the following suggestions is LEAST likely to persuade Sharon's daughter to resist the pressure to smoke?


A) Ask her to think about the negative effects of smoking (e.g. ,cancer) .
B) Ask her to make a public commitment to not smoke.
C) Increase her fear of smoking by showing her pictures of lung cancer.
D) Tell her she is forbidden from smoking and threaten to take away her car if she ever tries it.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The credibility of a noncredible person may increase over time if people remember the message more than the reason for discounting it in the first place.This is known as


A) the sleeper effect.
B) the authority effect.
C) the primacy effect.
D) the recency effect.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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When would it be best to present a persuasive appeal to an audience that was in a good mood versus a bad mood? Why?

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It would be best to present a persuasive...

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The _____-route process is more likely to lead to long-term attitude and behavior changes than is the _____-route process.


A) cognitive;emotional
B) internal;external
C) central;peripheral
D) peripheral;central

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Forgetting creates the recency effect when


A) time has separated the two messages.
B) there is little time between the two messages.
C) the two messages are back to back.
D) there are two opposing messages.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The motivation to think and analyze is referred to as the need for


A) contemplation.
B) thinking.
C) cognition.
D) central routes.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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An audience is more likely to perceive a speaker as sincere when


A) they avert their eyes.
B) they talk slowly.
C) the speaker argues an expected position.
D) the speaker argues against their own self-interest.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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When two messages are back to back,followed by a time gap,the _______ effect usually occurs.


A) recency
B) primacy
C) channel
D) sleeper

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Research on attitude inoculation suggests that religious educators are wise to avoid


A) the two-step flow of communication.
B) forewarnings to their followers that outsiders will question their beliefs.
C) using charismatic leaders to attract new converts.
D) creating a "germ-free ideological environment."

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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