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Exam 15: The Environment, Consumption, and Climate Change

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Question 41

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In the context of Gardiner's article, what is "the dispersion of causes and effects"?

A) the dispersion of the impacts of emissions of greenhouse gases to other actors and regions of the Earth
B) the dispersion of the causes of greenhouse gas emissions across the Earth
C) the dispersion of carbon dioxide molecules in the atmosphere
D) the dispersion of fault and blame for causing greenhouse gas emissions.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 42

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Which of the following statements would Hill most likely agree with?

A) Being ignorant of facts about the environment logically entails that one will not properly appreciate one's place in nature.
B) Whether one understands facts about the environment has no correlation with whether one properly appreciates one's place in nature.
C) Being ignorant of facts about the environment makes it very likely that one will not properly appreciate one's place in nature
D) Animals and plants have interests and rights, and we ought to respect both.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 43

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In Gardiner's analysis, climate change is a normal tragedy of the _________.

Because Baxter appeals to the idea that "every human being should be regarded as an end," we can think of him as invoking the _________ formulation of Kant's categorical imperative.

A(n) _________ is a whole composed of both living and nonliving things including animals, plants, bodies of water, sunlight, and other geological factors.

According to Gardiner, the "fragmentation of agency" leads to humanity's relative inability to respond to climate change due to the lack of an effective, centralized system of global governance.

According to Gardiner, the main problem inherent in the theoretical storm of climate change is that of moral corruption.

In contrast to Garrett Hardin's approach, the Confucian model rejects coercion because

The main philosophical issue in chapter 15 concerns the scope of indirect moral standing.

Baxter argues that we should view our treatment of the environment as a matter of various trade-offs whose aim is