Question 1

Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are and secrete .

Accepted Answer

A)  myelinated; norepinephrine (N
E)  
B)  myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) 
C)  myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)  and norepinephrine(N
E)  
D)  unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) 
E)  unmyelinated; norepinephrine(N
E)  F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

All preganglionic fibers pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia synapsing at least once there.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  no
B)  one
C)  two
D)  three
E)  fourF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Sympathetic effects tend to last than parasympathetic effects.One reason is that .

Accepted Answer

A)  shorter; acetylcholine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
B)  longer; norepinephrine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
C)  about the same; the two divisions use the same neurotransmitters
D)  shorter; acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (ACh
E)  
E)  longer; acetylcholine is broken down by monoamine oxidase (MAO) F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a neuron, and releases the neurotransmitter .

Accepted Answer

A)  preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh) 
B)  postganglionic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
C)  preganglionic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
D)  postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh) 
E)  somatic; norepinephrine (N
E)  F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B)  sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C)  sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D)  sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E)  sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → glandF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

nerve(s)  pass(es)  throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing.

Accepted Answer

A)  Facial
B)  Trigeminal
C)  Vagus
D)  Celiac
E)  SplanchnicF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 10

These are all features of the sympathetic division except

Accepted Answer

A)  it originates in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord.
B)  it has long postganglionic fibers.
C)  it has long preganglionic fibers.
D)  its ganglia are adjacent to the spinal column.
E)  it has an extensive neural divergence and a relative widespread effect.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Which one of the following is made up of primarily adrenergic fibers?

Accepted Answer

A)  preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
B)  postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
C)  postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division
D)  all motor fibers of the somatic motor system
E)  preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic divisionF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Sympathetic fibers do not release

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine.
B)  nitric oxide (NO) .
C)  substance P.
D)  neuropeptide Y.
E)  norepinephrine.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Damage to the may affect near vision accommodation.

Accepted Answer

A)  celiac ganglion
B)  oculomotor nerve (CN III) 
C)  facial nerve (CN VII) 
D)  glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) 
E)  cardiac plexusF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes.These are all reasons for this except

Accepted Answer

A)  effector pathway in the somatic reflex arc is myelinated
B)  effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more neurons
C)  effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more chemical synapses
D)  some of the neurons in the effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc are unmyelinated
E)  effector organs in the somatic reflex are closer to the spinal cordF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The sympathetic chain of ganglia (paravertebral ganglia)  is found at the levels of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  cervical and thoracic
B)  thoracic and lumbar
C)  thoracic, lumbar and sacral
D)  sacral, lumbar and coccygeal
E)  cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygealF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in
the periphery.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The binding of to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will it.

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine; excite
B)  norepinephrine; excite
C)  monoamine oxidase; inhibit
D)  acetylcholine; inhibit
E)  acetylcholinesterase; exciteF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The adrenal medulla secretes mostly

Accepted Answer

A)  norepinephrine (noradrenaline) .
B)  dopamine.
C)  endorphins.
D)  acetylcholine (ACh) .
E)  epinephrine (adrenaline) .F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Exam 15: The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

These are all features of the sympathetic division except

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The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves neurons.

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Sympathetic fibers do not release

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A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a neuron, and releases the neurotransmitter .

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The adrenal medulla secretes mostly

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Sympathetic effects tend to last than parasympathetic effects.One reason is that .

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Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are and secrete .

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The sympathetic chain of ganglia (paravertebral ganglia) is found at the levels of the spinal cord.

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All preganglionic fibers pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia synapsing at least once there.

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The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

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Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

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Somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes.These are all reasons for this except

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The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell.

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Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron.

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Damage to the may affect near vision accommodation.

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nerve(s) pass(es) throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing.

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Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.

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Which one of the following is made up of primarily adrenergic fibers?

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The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in the periphery.

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The binding of to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will it.

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