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In some cases of genotypic expression, one gene of a pair always exerts its effects overriding the potential influence of the other gene. This is the ________ principle.


A) sex-linked genes
B) dominant-recessive genes
C) genetic imprinting
D) polygenic inheritance

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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During pregnancy, which of the following organs or systems is the first to develop?


A) the visual system
B) the spinal cord
C) the urogenital system
D) the liver

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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The long hollow tube formed by the mother's nervous system and located on the embryo's back is called the ________.


A) embryonal tube
B) neural tube
C) anacephal tube
D) fetal tube

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following techniques is used to overcome the threat of problems related to the breech position during delivery?


A) massage therapy
B) music therapy
C) acupuncture
D) cesarean section

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is an example of a passive genotype-environment correlation?


A) Uncooperative, distractible children receive more unpleasant and disciplinary action from parents and teachers.
B) Outgoing children tend to seek out social contexts in which to interact with people.
C) Parents who have a genetic predisposition to be musically inclined encourage their children to learn how to play a musical instrument.
D) Infants who smile more receive more attention from the individuals in their social environment.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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By far the most common high-tech assisted reproduction technique used is


A) artificial insemination.
B) in vitro fertilization.
C) spermatogenesis.
D) in vivo fertilization.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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________ refers to an abnormally small brain of a fetus that can lead to intellectual disability.


A) Spina bifida
B) Klinefelter syndrome
C) Hemophilia
D) Microencephaly

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true of the different conditions that pose threats for newborns?


A) Small for date infants weigh less than five and a half pounds at birth.
B) Low birth weight babies weigh between six and seven pounds.
C) Small for date infants have below normal weight when the length of the pregnancy is considered.
D) Low birth weight babies weigh less than 90 percent of all babies of the same gestational age.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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A cell that contains 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs undergoes the process of ________ to produce two new cells, each containing the same DNA as the original cell, arranged in the same 23 pairs of chromosomes.


A) mitosis
B) osmosis
C) meiosis
D) fertilization

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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The Apgar Scale is a method used to assess the health of newborns. A score of three would indicate


A) that the newborn's condition is good.
B) that there may be some developmental difficulties.
C) an emergency because the baby's survival is in doubt.
D) that the evaluator has not made a proper reading.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Angela is 30 weeks pregnant. Since her due date is approaching, she is looking for a caregiver who will provide her with continuous physical, emotional, and educational support before, during, and after childbirth. Which of the following terms refers to this kind of caregiver?


A) doula
B) midwife
C) pregnancy preparation specialist
D) healer

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Benny has been diagnosed with a gene-linked abnormality characterized by deceleration of mental and physical development caused by an accumulation of lipids in the nervous system. He has been put on medication and a special diet, but his family has been told that he will probably not live beyond the age of five. Benny is suffering from


A) spina bifida.
B) Tay-Sachs disease.
C) phenylketonuria.
D) Huntington's disease.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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A teratogen is any agent that can cause


A) organogenesis.
B) birth defects.
C) fetal movement.
D) maternal back pain.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Except for the sperm and the egg, all cells in the human body have ________ chromosomes.


A) 10
B) 32
C) 23
D) 46

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Rubella, also known as German measles, is a maternal disease that can cause prenatal defects. Identify the most common fetal and neonatal outcome of this disease.


A) microcephaly
B) eye lesions
C) stillbirth
D) skin lesions

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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________ occurs when a single sperm cell from the male unites with an ovum (egg) in the female's fallopian tube in a process called fertilization.


A) Ovulation
B) Meiosis
C) Conception
D) Mitosis

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Sarah is a 20-year-old college student who is paralyzed from the waist down. She can walk with difficulty using crutches but prefers her wheelchair. Sarah's condition is due to a birth defect that occurs when the neural tube fails to close during gestation. Which of the following birth defects does Sarah most likely have?


A) anencephaly
B) neuronal migration
C) multiple sclerosis
D) spina bifida

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true of babies born to HIV-infected mothers?


A) Babies can contract HIV during sperm/egg adhesion in the fertilization process.
B) All babies born to HIV-infected mothers are infected with HIV.
C) Babies born to HIV-infected mothers can be infected but asymptomatic.
D) Babies seldom contract HIV through breast feeding by an infected mother.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is true of mitosis?


A) Mitosis is the cellular reproduction that occurs to form the sperm and the egg cells.
B) Mitosis results in the formation of four new cells.
C) Mitosis results in the formation of two new cells with 23 pairs of chromosomes.
D) Mitosis results in the formation of three new cells.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Name three different types of drugs that are used during labor. Illustrate your answer with examples.

Correct Answer

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Three basic kinds of drugs that are used...

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