Question 1

Darlene gets a chance to go on a road trip with a bunch of her girlfriends for a few weeks. She decides that she cannot afford to go away for that long. Instead, she chooses to stay home and work during that time to save money for the next trip. Later on, she thinks about making a different choice. According to the principle of counterfactual thinking, which choice is Darlene most likely to regret?

Accepted Answer

A)   she will regret them both the same.
B)   staying home to work and save money.
C)   not going with her girlfriends on the road trip.
D)   she would not regret either one of her choices.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

According to embodied cognition, after holding a warm drink, people become more likely to rate someone more warmly and behave more generously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to research, we reconstruct our past behaviour

Accepted Answer

A)   to suit our present views.
B)   to avoid looking at the past.
C)   to support views we held in the past.
D)   such that it is as objective as possible.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

How do attributions affect how we think about and relate to one another?

Accepted Answer

Attributions play a significant role in ...

Question 5

Social psychologists have labelled our tendency to make up imagined alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have happened but did not as

Accepted Answer

A)   the base-rate fallacy.
B)   automatic thinking.
C)   reflective bias.
D)   counterfactual thinking.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

When Oscar arrived very late for a meeting with Tom and Sunita, Tom, a Canadian-born student, felt angrier with Oscar, than Sunita, an Indian-born student, did. This was likely due to

Accepted Answer

A)   cultural differences in social loafing.
B)   cultural differences in attribution style.
C)   cultural differences in emotional expression.
D)   gender differences in emotional expression.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Joanie works hard to please her boss Sam. Sam tries hard to please his boss Ann. Research on misattribution predicts that

Accepted Answer

A)   Joanie is likely to believe Sam is romantically interested in her.
B)   Sam is likely to believe Joanie is romantically interested in him.
C)   Ann is likely to believe Sam is romantically interested in her.
D)   Sam is likely to believe Ann is romantically interested in him.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

When peoples' memories and judgments change with their moods it is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   illusory thinking.
B)   counterfactual thinking.
C)   mood infusion.
D)   heuristics.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following terms might be used to describe best mental shortcuts?

Accepted Answer

A)   base-rate fallacy
B)   hindsight bias
C)   illusion of control
D)   heuristicE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

What are heuristics? Identify and define the two most common types of heuristics and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Heuristics are mental shortcuts or rules...

Question 11

The fundamental attribution error involves the tendency to

Accepted Answer

A)   overestimate situational causes of behaviour.
B)   underestimate dispositional causes of behaviour.
C)   underestimate situational causes of behaviour.
D)   discount dispositional causes of behaviour.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Steve is typically very confident about his opinions and beliefs-in fact, he is usually more confident than he is accurate about certain things. Steve's thinking illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   illusory correlation.
B)   the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon.
C)   the overconfidence phenomenon.
D)   belief perseverance.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

One reason people are overconfident is that they are not inclined to seek out information

Accepted Answer

A)   that comes from experts.
B)   that is objective and factual.
C)   that involves judging estimates and comparisons.
D)   that might disprove what they believe.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Inferring a general truth from a vivid instance is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   counterfactual thinking.
B)   social beliefs.
C)   the representativeness heuristic.
D)   the availability heuristic.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Attribution theories analyze how we

Accepted Answer

A)   explain people's behaviour.
B)   make decisions and solve problems.
C)   make impressions on others.
D)   form attitudes about issues.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Define the fundamental attribution error. What makes it "fundamental"?

Accepted Answer

The fundamental attribution error, also ...

Question 17

Counterfactual thinking occurs when we can easily picture an alternative outcome of an event and underlies our

Accepted Answer

A)   prediction of future.
B)   feelings of luck.
C)   estimation of probability.
D)   calculation of the event happened in the past.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Students who are told by their teacher that he had been instructed by the department not to take into account their requests to have their final test marks bell curved are more likely to conclude that the teacher's behaviour

Accepted Answer

A)   reflected his traits.
B)   illustrated role-playing.
C)   was situationally determined.
D)   demonstrated the illusion of control.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why women fear being assaulted by a stranger more than by an acquaintance, even though the opposite is more often the reality?

Accepted Answer

A)   The base-rate fallacy
B)   The availability heuristic
C)   Counterfactual thinking
D)   The misinformation effectE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Explain how the confirmation bias contributes to and helps explain the overconfidence phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

Confirmation bias is the tendency for pe...

Exam 3: Social Beliefs and Judgments

Attribution theories analyze how we

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Explain how the confirmation bias contributes to and helps explain the overconfidence phenomenon.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Confirmation bias is the tendency for pe...
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Social psychologists have labelled our tendency to make up imagined alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have happened but did not as

Correct Answer
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How do attributions affect how we think about and relate to one another?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Attributions play a significant role in ...
View Answer

When Oscar arrived very late for a meeting with Tom and Sunita, Tom, a Canadian-born student, felt angrier with Oscar, than Sunita, an Indian-born student, did. This was likely due to

Correct Answer
verified

Students who are told by their teacher that he had been instructed by the department not to take into account their requests to have their final test marks bell curved are more likely to conclude that the teacher's behaviour

Correct Answer
verified

When peoples' memories and judgments change with their moods it is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Inferring a general truth from a vivid instance is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

One reason people are overconfident is that they are not inclined to seek out information

Correct Answer
verified

Joanie works hard to please her boss Sam. Sam tries hard to please his boss Ann. Research on misattribution predicts that

Correct Answer
verified

According to research, we reconstruct our past behaviour

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best explains why women fear being assaulted by a stranger more than by an acquaintance, even though the opposite is more often the reality?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The fundamental attribution error involves the tendency to

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following terms might be used to describe best mental shortcuts?

Correct Answer
verified

Counterfactual thinking occurs when we can easily picture an alternative outcome of an event and underlies our

Correct Answer
verified

Define the fundamental attribution error. What makes it "fundamental"?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The fundamental attribution error, also ...
View Answer

According to embodied cognition, after holding a warm drink, people become more likely to rate someone more warmly and behave more generously.

Correct Answer
verified

Steve is typically very confident about his opinions and beliefs-in fact, he is usually more confident than he is accurate about certain things. Steve's thinking illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

What are heuristics? Identify and define the two most common types of heuristics and provide an example of each.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Heuristics are mental shortcuts or rules...
View Answer

Exam 3: Social Beliefs and Judgments

Attribution theories analyze how we

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Explain how the confirmation bias contributes to and helps explain the overconfidence phenomenon.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIConfirmation bias is the tendency for pe...View AnswerShow Answer

Social psychologists have labelled our tendency to make up imagined alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have happened but did not as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do attributions affect how we think about and relate to one another?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIAttributions play a significant role in ...View AnswerShow Answer

When Oscar arrived very late for a meeting with Tom and Sunita, Tom, a Canadian-born student, felt angrier with Oscar, than Sunita, an Indian-born student, did. This was likely due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Students who are told by their teacher that he had been instructed by the department not to take into account their requests to have their final test marks bell curved are more likely to conclude that the teacher's behaviour

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When peoples' memories and judgments change with their moods it is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inferring a general truth from a vivid instance is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One reason people are overconfident is that they are not inclined to seek out information

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Joanie works hard to please her boss Sam. Sam tries hard to please his boss Ann. Research on misattribution predicts that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research, we reconstruct our past behaviour

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best explains why women fear being assaulted by a stranger more than by an acquaintance, even though the opposite is more often the reality?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fundamental attribution error involves the tendency to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms might be used to describe best mental shortcuts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Counterfactual thinking occurs when we can easily picture an alternative outcome of an event and underlies our

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define the fundamental attribution error. What makes it "fundamental"?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe fundamental attribution error, also ...View AnswerShow Answer

According to embodied cognition, after holding a warm drink, people become more likely to rate someone more warmly and behave more generously.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Steve is typically very confident about his opinions and beliefs-in fact, he is usually more confident than he is accurate about certain things. Steve's thinking illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are heuristics? Identify and define the two most common types of heuristics and provide an example of each.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIHeuristics are mental shortcuts or rules...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Confirmation bias is the tendency for pe...
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Attributions play a significant role in ...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The fundamental attribution error, also ...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Heuristics are mental shortcuts or rules...
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