Question 1

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Accepted Answer

A)  increases plasma osmolality.
B)  is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
C)  increases water reabsorption in the kidneys.
D)  causes the production of a large volume of urine.
E)  increases urine volume.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Calcium's roles in the body include

Accepted Answer

A)  bone health.
B)  muscle contraction.
C)  blood clotting.
D)  action potentials in heart muscle.
E)  All of these choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

Ingesting large amounts of sodium bicarbonate can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolic acidosis.
B)  metabolic alkalosis.
C)  respiratory acidosis.
D)  respiratory alkalosis.
E)  None of these choices is correct.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Hyperventilation of the lungs can lead to ______________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiratory acidosis
B)  Respiratory alkalosis
C)  Metabolic acidosis
D)  Metabolic alkalosis
E)  Respiratory shockF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following would be expected to cause hyponatremia?

Accepted Answer

A)  high intake of sodium
B)  increased aldosterone production
C)  increased urine output
D)  decreased aldosterone production
E)  decreased ADH productionF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Parathyroid hormone increases the activity of ___________ cells in bone and increases the rate of calcium ___________ in the kidney tubules.

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoclast; reabsorption
B)  osteoblast; reabsorption
C)  osteocyte; reabsorption
D)  osteocyte; secretion
E)  osteoblast; secretionF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

The predominant extracellular anion is

Accepted Answer

A)  protein.
B)  phosphate.
C)  bicarbonate.
D)  chloride.
E)  sodium.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  alkalosis - hypokalemia
B)  cell destruction - hypokalemia
C)  increased secretion of aldosterone - hyperkalemia
D)  overuse of diuretics - hyperkalemia
E)  acidosis - hypokalemiaF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Where is the highest concentration of bicarbonate ion found?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma
B)  intracellular fluid
C)  interstitial fluid
D)  lymphE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Slight deviations from the normal concentration of ___________ ions can shut down metabolic pathways as well as alter the structure and function of other macromolecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen
B)  potassium
C)  sodium
D)  phosphate
E)  glucoseF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Parathyroid hormone effects the

Accepted Answer

A)  bones,heart,and blood.
B)  kidney,liver,and spleen.
C)  intestine,kidneys,and bone.
D)  liver,stomach,and small intestine.
E)  stomach,pancreas,and bone.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

The cation that plays a major role in determining the osmotic pressure of the plasma is

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium.
B)  potassium.
C)  chloride.
D)  phosphate.
E)  hydrogen ion.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Oversecretion of aldosterone causes

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperkalemia.
B)  hypercalcemia.
C)  hypernatremia.
D)  increased urine volume.
E)  hyponatremia.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

What is the main role of magnesium ions in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle contraction
B)  nerve impulse
C)  blood clotting
D)  cofactors for intracellular enzymesE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

The normal pH for blood plasma is

Accepted Answer

A)  7.00.
B)  7.25 - 7.35.
C)  7.35 - 7.45.
D)  7.45 - 7.55.
E)  6.80 - 7.20.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Most of the calcium in the body is in the

Accepted Answer

A)  bones.
B)  plasma.
C)  kidneys.
D)  GI tract.
E)  extracellular fluid.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 17

A decrease in plasma osmolality would increase

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH production.
B)  plasma sodium levels.
C)  renin production.
D)  urine production.
E)  thirst.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

When blood pH decreases,which of the following occurs to correct the imbalance?

Accepted Answer

A)  The respiratory center increases the breathing rate.
B)  The respiratory center decreases the breathing rate.
C)  Less carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.
D)  More carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.
E)  The carbonic acid/bicarbonate equation is driven to the right.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 19

The predominant intracellular cation is

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium.
B)  sodium.
C)  calcium.
D)  magnesium.
E)  chloride.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Water moves back and forth across the plasma membrane by the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis.
B)  filtration.
C)  facilitated diffusion.
D)  active transport.
E)  endocytosis.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Exam 27: Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Oversecretion of aldosterone causes

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The predominant extracellular anion is

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Which of the following is correctly matched?

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Hyperventilation of the lungs can lead to ______________________.

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The predominant intracellular cation is

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What is the main role of magnesium ions in the body?

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Water moves back and forth across the plasma membrane by the process of

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Ingesting large amounts of sodium bicarbonate can lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The normal pH for blood plasma is

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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Slight deviations from the normal concentration of ___________ ions can shut down metabolic pathways as well as alter the structure and function of other macromolecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be expected to cause hyponatremia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone effects the

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Calcium's roles in the body include

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Where is the highest concentration of bicarbonate ion found?

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Most of the calcium in the body is in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A decrease in plasma osmolality would increase

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When blood pH decreases,which of the following occurs to correct the imbalance?

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Parathyroid hormone increases the activity of ___________ cells in bone and increases the rate of calcium ___________ in the kidney tubules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cation that plays a major role in determining the osmotic pressure of the plasma is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Parathyroid hormone increases the activity of _ cells in bone and increases the rate of calcium _ in the kidney tubules.

Correct Answer
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