Question 1

Serum electrolyte concentrations are most often expressed as

Accepted Answer

A)   mg %.
B)   mmHg.
C)   mg/dl.
D)   mEq/L.
E)   None of these choices is correct.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a principle sensor for thirst regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
B)   arterial baroreceptors
C)   juxtaglomerular apparatus
D)   mouth mucosaE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

A major complication of thyroid surgery is the accidental damaging or removal of the parathyroid glands. This damage or removal of the parathyroid glands can result in

Accepted Answer

A)   increased sodium retention.
B)   increased plasma volume.
C)   decreased plasma calcium.
D)   delayed healing.
E)   increased plasma calcium.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Match the symptom with one of the causes.
-hyperpolarization of cardiac muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperkalemia
B)  hypokalemiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 5

Extracellular fluid has a

Accepted Answer

A)   higher protein content than intracellular fluid.
B)   higher potassium content than intracellular fluid.
C)   higher sodium content than intracellular fluid.
D)   higher magnesium content than intracellular fluid
E)   higher number of large organic molecules than intracellular fluid.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following is most likely to happen to a group of students who relax by drinking a pitcher of their favorite beverage?

Accepted Answer

A)   an increase in urine volume
B)   an increase in urine osmolality
C)   an increase in ADH production
D)   increased aldosterone secretion
E)   a decrease in urine volumeF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following would be expected to cause hyponatremia?

Accepted Answer

A)   high intake of sodium
B)   increased aldosterone production
C)   increased urine output
D)   decreased aldosterone production
E)   decreased ADH productionF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

Respiratory alkalosis can occur as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)   asphyxia.
B)   asthma.
C)   severe emphysema.
D)   hyperventilation.
E)   hypoventilation.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

The main regulator of serum phosphate levels is a transport process in the

Accepted Answer

A)   liver.
B)   kidneys.
C)   pancreas.
D)   small intestine.
E)   large intestine.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

You've been working outside in the hot sun and are dripping wet with sweat. Your fluid intake has been minimal as you have been too busy to stop and get a drink. You would expect

Accepted Answer

A)   your blood osmolality to be low.
B)   an increase in the production of urine.
C)   aldosterone levels to decrease.
D)   ADH levels to increase.
E)   ADH levels to decrease.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

The composition of extracellular fluid has little affect on intracellular fluid amounts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Oversecretion of aldosterone causes

Accepted Answer

A)   hyperkalemia.
B)   hypercalcemia.
C)   hypernatremia.
D)   increased urine volume.
E)   hyponatremia.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 13

Which of the following statements concerning potassium ions is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   An increase in the extracellular potassium ion concentration leads to depolarization.
B)   Potassium ions are secreted into the nephron by the distal convoluted tubule.
C)   When aldosterone levels are high, potassium secretion is low.
D)   Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by high blood levels of potassium ions.
E)   None of these choices is false.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Under normal conditions, most water loss from the body is through the

Accepted Answer

A)   skin.
B)   kidneys.
C)   lungs.
D)   GI tract.
E)   sweat.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

Once alkalosis has occurred, which of the following would you expect to happen?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased respiratory rate
B)   a plasma pH less than 7.40
C)   retention of hydrogen ions by the kidney
D)   increased renal reabsorption of bicarbonate ions
E)   secretion of hydrogen ions by the kidneyF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

A person working in the hot sun loses the greatest amount of water from the

Accepted Answer

A)   lungs.
B)   urine.
C)   mouth.
D)   skin.
E)   GI tract.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The predominant extracellular cation is

Accepted Answer

A)   bicarbonate.
B)   sodium.
C)   chloride.
D)   potassium.
E)   hydrogen ion.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 18

2 from lungs D)  capillary E)  decreased pH" class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" >
-The diagram illustrates respiratory control of blood pH. What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory control centers in brainstem
B)   increased respiration and depth
C)   increased CO2 from lungs
D)   capillary
E)   decreased pHF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)   alkalosis - hypokalemia
B)   cell destruction - hypokalemia
C)   increased secretion of aldosterone - hyperkalemia
D)   overuse of diuretics - hyperkalemia
E)   acidosis - hypokalemiaF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Match the cause with one of the two conditions.
-water loss due to extensive burns

Accepted Answer

A)  hypernatremia
B)  hyponatremiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Exam 27: Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

The main regulator of serum phosphate levels is a transport process in the

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Extracellular fluid has a

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Which of the following is most likely to happen to a group of students who relax by drinking a pitcher of their favorite beverage?

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Which of the following is correctly matched?

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Serum electrolyte concentrations are most often expressed as

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Match the cause with one of the two conditions. -water loss due to extensive burns

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The predominant extracellular cation is

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Once alkalosis has occurred, which of the following would you expect to happen?

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-The diagram illustrates respiratory control of blood pH. What does "C" represent?

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Oversecretion of aldosterone causes

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You've been working outside in the hot sun and are dripping wet with sweat. Your fluid intake has been minimal as you have been too busy to stop and get a drink. You would expect

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person working in the hot sun loses the greatest amount of water from the

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Respiratory alkalosis can occur as a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major complication of thyroid surgery is the accidental damaging or removal of the parathyroid glands. This damage or removal of the parathyroid glands can result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a principle sensor for thirst regulation?

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Which of the following would be expected to cause hyponatremia?

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Which of the following statements concerning potassium ions is false?

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The composition of extracellular fluid has little affect on intracellular fluid amounts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under normal conditions, most water loss from the body is through the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the symptom with one of the causes. -hyperpolarization of cardiac muscle

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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